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Lev Kuleshov

Lev Kuleshov

Actor, Director, Art Director

Born January 13, 1899 in Tambov, Russian Empire [now Russia]

Died March 29, 1970

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Biography

Lev Vladimirovich Kuleshov was a Russian and Soviet filmmaker and film theorist, one of the founders of the world's first film school, the Moscow Film School. People's Artist of the RSFSR (1969).

Lev Kuleshov was born in 1899 into an intellectual Russian family. At the time he was born, the family became financially broke, lost their estate and moved to Tambov, living a modest life. In 1911 his father died; three years later Lev and his mother moved to Moscow where his elder brother was studying and working as an engineer. Lev Kuleshov decided to follow the steps of his father and entered the Moscow School of Painting, although he didn't finish it.

In 1916 he applied to work at the film company led by Aleksandr Khanzhonkov. He produced scenery several pictures but with time he became more interested in film theory. He co-directed his first movie Twilight in 1917. His next film was released under the Soviet patronage.

During the 1918-1920 he covered the Russian Civil War with a documentary crew. In 1919 he headed the first Soviet film courses at the National Film School. Kuleshov may well be the very first film theorist as he was a leader in the Soviet montage theory — developing his theories of editing before those of Sergei Eisenstein (briefly a student of Kuleshov). For Kuleshov, the essence of the cinema was editing, the juxtaposition of one shot with another. To illustrate this principle, he created what has come to be known as the Kuleshov Effect. In this now-famous editing exercise, shots of an actor were intercut with various meaningful images (a casket, a bowl of soup, etc.) in order to show how editing changes viewers' interpretations of images. In addition to his theoretical and teaching work, Kuleshov also directed a number of feature-length films. Among his most notable works is an action-comedy The Extraordinary Adventures of Mr. West in the Land of the Bolsheviks (1924), a psychological drama By the Law (1926) adapted from the short story by Jack London and a biographical drama The Great Consoler (1933) based on O. Henry's life and works. After directing his last film in 1943, Kuleshov served as an artistic director and an academic rector at VGIK where he worked for the next 25 years.

Lev Kuleshov died in Moscow in 1970. He was buried at the Novodevichy Cemetery. He was survived by his wife Aleksandra Khokhlova (1897—1985) — an actress, film director and educator and her son from the first marriage.

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Filmography

Actor

8

Type

Year

Taiwanese School: The Experiment of Sergei Eisenstein's Montage Theory Poster

Taiwanese School: The Experiment of Sergei Eisenstein's Montage Theory Short Film2009Self

Effekt Kuleshova Poster

Effekt Kuleshova Documentary1969Self

Luch smerti Poster

Luch smerti Feature Film1925

Na krasnom fronte Feature Film1920Polish peasant

Pesn lyubvi nedopetaya Poster

Pesn lyubvi nedopetaya Feature Film1918

Proekt inzhenera Prayta Poster

Proekt inzhenera Prayta Short Film1918

Chernaya lyubov Poster

Chernaya lyubov Feature Film1917

Za schastem Poster

Za schastem Short Film1917Enrico, painter

Director

20

Type

Year

We from the Urals Poster

We from the Urals Feature Film1944

Uchitelnitsa Kartashova Poster

Uchitelnitsa Kartashova Feature Film1943

Klyatva Timura Poster

Klyatva Timura Feature Film1942

Incident on a Volcano Poster

Incident on a Volcano Feature Film1941

Sibiryaki Poster

Sibiryaki Feature Film1940

Dokhunda Poster

Dokhunda Feature Film1934

The Great Consoler Poster

The Great Consoler Feature Film1933

Horizon Feature Film1932

Sorok serdets Poster

Sorok serdets Feature Film1931

Proryv! Short Film1930

Two-Buldi-Two Poster

Two-Buldi-Two Feature Film1929

Vesyolaya kanareyka Poster

Vesyolaya kanareyka Feature Film1929

Vasha znakomaya Poster

Vasha znakomaya Feature Film1927

By the Law Poster

By the Law Feature Film1926

Parovoz No. 10006 Feature Film1926

Luch smerti Poster

Luch smerti Feature Film1925

The Extraordinary Adventures of Mr. West in the Land of the Bolsheviks Poster

The Extraordinary Adventures of Mr. West in the Land of the Bolsheviks Feature Film1924

Na krasnom fronte Feature Film1920

Pesn lyubvi nedopetaya Poster

Pesn lyubvi nedopetaya Feature Film1918

Proekt inzhenera Prayta Poster

Proekt inzhenera Prayta Short Film1918

Art Director

10

Type

Year

The Great Consoler Poster

The Great Consoler Feature Film1933

Miss Meri Poster

Miss Meri Feature Film1918

Proekt inzhenera Prayta Poster

Proekt inzhenera Prayta Short Film1918

Sliakot bulvarnaia Poster

Sliakot bulvarnaia Feature Film1918

Vdova Feature Film1918

Chernaya lyubov Poster

Chernaya lyubov Feature Film1917

Korol Parizha Poster

Korol Parizha Feature Film1917

Nabat Feature Film1917

Teni liubvi Feature Film1917

Zhizn trekh dney Feature Film1917

Writer

6

Type

Year

Diesel: Kuleshov 2.0 Video2020

The Great Consoler Poster

The Great Consoler Feature Film1933

Horizon Feature Film1932

Sasha Short Film1930

By the Law Poster

By the Law Feature Film1926

Na krasnom fronte Feature Film1920

Editor

4

Type

Year

Sibiryaki Poster

Sibiryaki Feature Film1940

Vesyolaya kanareyka Poster

Vesyolaya kanareyka Feature Film1929

Vasha znakomaya Poster

Vasha znakomaya Feature Film1927

Proekt inzhenera Prayta Poster

Proekt inzhenera Prayta Short Film1918

Production Designer

2

Sumerki Feature Film1917

Za schastem Poster

Za schastem Short Film1917

Thanks

2

Act Short Film2010

Taiwanese School: The Experiment of Sergei Eisenstein's Montage Theory Poster

Taiwanese School: The Experiment of Sergei Eisenstein's Montage Theory Short Film2009

Production Manager

1

Theft of Sight Feature Film1934

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