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Yitzhak Rabin (March 1, 1922 – November 4, 1995) was an Israeli general and statesman who served as prime minister of Israel twice, from 1974 to 1977 and again from 1992 until his assassination in 1995. He was the first prime minister born in Mandatory Palestine. Born in Jerusalem to Jewish immigrants from Eastern Europe, Rabin grew up in a Labor Zionist family. He studied agriculture in school and was an outstanding student. As a teenager, he joined the Palmach, the Yishuv's commando unit, eventually becoming its chief of operations during the 1948 Arab–Israeli War. Later that year, he joined the newly established Israel Defense Forces (IDF), embarking on a 27-year military career and rising to the rank of Rav Aluf, the highest in the IDF, equivalent to lieutenant general. In the 1950s, Rabin contributed to shaping IDF training doctrine and led its Operations Directorate from 1959 to 1963. Appointed chief of general staff in 1964, he directed Israel to victory in the 1967 Six-Day War.
From 1968 to 1973, Rabin served as Israel's ambassador to the United States during a time of strengthening US–Israel relations. He became prime minister in 1974 following Golda Meir's resignation. During his first term, he signed the Sinai Interim Agreement and authorized the Entebbe raid. Rabin resigned in 1977 amid a financial scandal. Throughout much of the 1980s, he was Israel's defense minister, including during the onset of the First Intifada.
Re-elected prime minister in 1992 with a platform supporting the Israeli–Palestinian peace process, Rabin signed several landmark agreements with Palestinian leaders as part of the Oslo Accords. In 1994, he was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize alongside former political rival Shimon Peres and Palestinian leader Yasser Arafat. That same year, he signed a peace treaty with Jordan. In November 1995, Rabin was assassinated by Yigal Amir, an extremist opposing the Oslo Accords. Amir was convicted and sentenced to life imprisonment. Rabin was the first Israeli prime minister born in the land, the only one assassinated, and the second to die in office after Levi Eshkol. He remains a symbol of the Israeli–Palestinian peace efforts.
